Building construction



April 18, 1933.

M. F. BURK 04 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed April 25, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet l under-the window sill; .3 c

Patented'Apri is, 1933 masses 1'". BTIRKQEOF LSWAMISC'OTT;1.1ASSACHUSETTS,1 ASSIGIiQB- o '1'. 'r. qniifmr 1 I n n or new, MASSACHUSETTS This invention relates to building constructionandparticularly to an improved construction-of a building wall at the W111- dow-frame to-prevent theentrance ofiwater I In the usual :wall construction the-window frame usually merelyrests upon the boardin g'and, heretofore, no especial precautions have b'eentaken to prevent the entrance :of water underthe; sill. A s; .ajconse-' quen ce, rain drives in under the sill-andthe.

Water leaks d'own' throughthe wallgof the building and damages: ceilings and; plastered i wallsrh If the house ihappensto be .covered warm stucco finishthe water also; enters between the furring and the stucco'sothat the stucco becomes discolored and sometimes falls away beneath the window.-., ii I V An object of the present iny'entionxisgthe dered difiicult, and such water as might-enter is'preventedfrom running down theawa-ll unt der' the sill" but c-it'is conductedoutside the 25 wall and isallowed to escape overtheioiiter 7 surface o'fgthe finish. i; u

A: further object'of the: invention is the provision of a. watertight jpanin which the frame of the Window, and-especiallythe sill and the bottom portions of the' uprights con nected therewith, is contained, the pan being coextensive with the length of the-window; frame and being so arranged thatwater can-inot readily enter the building. under the pan and the bottomiwallofthe pan being 1nclined downwardly toward the outside of the wall so that any ater that might enter the pan is conducted tothe outside ofthe wall and is-allowedfto escape at the outside sin.- faceo'f the-finish. A: further object of the invention is the provision of a. window pan arranged as above described and constructed of telescoping parts so that the pan can be adjusted to re- .ceive window frames of various dimensions.

Afurtherobje'ct of'the invention is gen- 'erally to improve the construction of build- .ing'walls and window frames.

Figrl'isa perspective vi'ew'ofa. Window pan embodying the. present 'inventlon.

v'isso. serial at, 447,211?

the sill of the wall studdin'g.

'iOfs-Fig. 3.

v provisionof means so arranged that entrance of water-tinderthe sill offa w1ndow'1s; ren-' Fig. 2 is ais'ectional eleration taken through I thesill' ofthe windowframe and illustrating lthledispositioniof'thepanand the window .silkxf fl c Figr3isa= longitudinal elevation through {'55 the window frame and illustrating the relationrbetweenthe pan,-the window frame, and v I Fig; 4-,, is a seas n can ail g .Fig. is a sectional relegation- 1'Fi'gi2but illustratingthe applicationjof the fiivention to a brick building havinga stone or .Windowledge.

@Fig. his a sectional detailillustratinglia# modified construction adapted for the use of shingles or siding forthe wall covering.

FigL-7 is'a-sectioxi takenialongiline'of i thef'co'nstruction illustrated in Figs; 2, 11; i 3,, and 4,;.:which is for a frame building',the windowr frame comprises the side" uprights p "10; and the horizontal sill 12 which; is secured to/the bottoms of the-. uprightsanH is" in-' filmed ally downwardly.nndlab twa d y r towardlthe u ide ot-the wallIThe casing is located between the vertical'studs :14 which -areparallel;with?theauprights' 10. hoiizontal'stud 16, is locatedunder the sill'w The inner. face of the wall can haveithe usual laths 0 18:which-;are covered by'plaster 20 orother interior wall finish,.and' the outside wall has a boarding 22 and the furring 2k. In the construction herein shown the outsidefinish" consists. 0fa coating -of stucco' 26;; although the finish can equally well be siding; and the furring and stucco can be replaced by shingles, clapbo'ards; siding,-or the like. :Imthe .detail shown in'Figzfi; theffuifring'24 and, stucco 26 of :Fig. 2:are replaced shin I 1 g1es28. The lower portion of the' lwindow' frame, whichincludes the bott oniportionof V the up'rightsIO and 'the sill 12, is adapted to be. containedwithin a watertight weather pan constructed essentially as illustrated-in Figs; Lthroughvi, .the pan ,being 'compos'ed Zoftelescoping sections bywhich thelength Q i of the [pan can be adjusted to fit windows of. kvar'iouslengths and widths. 'Fofr' this ,ipu'rposevthe pan consistsofisheetmetaland has the bottom wall 30 provided with upstanding side walls 32 at the ends and an upstanding rear wall 34 which extends be tween the side walls. The pan is located between the vertical studs 14, and the side walls 32 are nailed or otherwisefixed to. the studs. .The2bottom wall 30 is'inclined prac tically at the inclination of the sill, the inner p ortion'of the wall being higherthan the outer or front portion and" the front portion resting upon theedge of the furring 22. The

window frame is located in the .pan with the sill resting on the bottom thereof and the uprights 10 located between theside walls 32, the rear wall 34 upstanding behind the inner-vertical face of the sill as illustrated in Eig. *2, and. being eventually concealedby tll;StOOl cap '36 and the inner casing 38. The front portion of the bottom wall is provided with an upstanding horizontal inverted channel/section 40 which forms-the "front-or outer walls of the pan and is located in a groove 42 that is in the bottom face :of-Ethe window sill sand is coextensive with the length thereof. The channel is adapted towreeeive anupstanding tongue 44. ofithe furring whereby to :provide aweathertight joint betwee-ni the furringan'd the pan. Tfie vertical outer side wall of the channel is .preferably'tprovided with a longitudinallinpdenta'tion46fsolas to cause-the wall to snugly ,engage--:the tongue o-fgthef furring and the "wall is: suiiiciently resilient to-permitit to flex when the furring is forced into the changnel j'The pan;is also providedwith a hori- -;zonta1fsection.48 that-is below 'thel channel findEis, lociated'beneaththe window sill and fie-seated on a shoulder 50*ofthe furring and hasija dependingrib 52'formed'by reflexing the sheetmetal practically upon itself'which 1s j-located between the furring and the finish s26 so as to prevent water-driving into the wall under the pan. The forward horizontal 11p or edge'54 :of the pan is secured by nails ;-5 6 ;-to"the bottom face of the window sill. 1 .It; will be understood that the finish: 261s applied after, the pan-and: the windowframe 7 mare 1n position. The pan is supported by a wedge-block 158 which is located under the bottom. of thelpan and over the horizontal Theumanner inwhich the inner wall 34 is also adjustable toward and away from the outer edge of the pan. To

this end, the bottom portion of the wall 34 is provided with a'horizontal Wall 60 which is inturned to provide a tongue 62' that lies between the wall, 30' and the inturned tongue 64' thereof5 thereby providing an interlocking telescoping connection between the upstanding inner wall and the bottom wallthat permitsa considerabledegree of movement of-the vertical wall over the bottomwall; The inner wall 34 also has a similar interlocking adjustableconnection 66 with the inner ends .of each of the upstanding end Walls32. The outer edges of the end walls 32 aresoldered to the upstanding channel 40, or. are otherwise connected therewith in a Watertight.mannerlso that wateri'can not "leak: out of the pani-at the sides; Those rear portions of the end walls thatare carried by the' sections bearing the rear wall 34" are also preferably similarly secured to'the ends -of' the rear:wall.

In installing the pan, :it is placedin the-window openingon top of the :wedge iblo'ck- 58 andthe end sections'pulled out until the end walls 32 engage the studs-.14, whereupon they are nailed to the studs. Alayer of cement, preferably; of the elastic or nonhardeningtype," "is then applied" over, the

joint'between theendsections to make the connection-:therebetween watertight, the cement extending from t-he'connection between 1 the rearr wall and the bottom wall up to the z-top ofthe 'channelt40 over the channel to'the outer edge 54 of the pan. The window frame isthen seated in the pan and'the rear sections moved outwardly until the rear walls 34 engage the inner vertical face of the Sl'll -lZO which they can be nailed.-

The interlocking connection: between the inner wall-34 and the bottom of Qthe 'pan is located at a level which is above the top of the channel 40 sothat water can notrise in the pan to the level of the connection, the water, instead, flowing over the top of the channel and-escaping to the outside of the building walli' Any Waterthat is en trapped inithe pan, behind the front wall, or channel 40, will'soon disappear byevap- 1 The construction hereinish'own renders the .entrance'of water into the Wall under the sill extremely fidifficultr" The outer edgef 54 of the bottom wall is secured tightly-to the low- 7 "er face o f zthe' window silLand the vertical channel 40: is located ina groove'in the-window sill so that rain'can not be driven in between the and the sill. Any water that .may'ent'er therebe'tween is heldfinthe pan behind the channel 40 and ultimately evaporates; Any additional water that may enter the pan escapes over the channel and'is conductedby' the shelf 48*to the outside of the finish .26 .1. The depending rib 52which the pan. If :the stucco and furring are replaced by siding or shingles 28 as illustrated Preferably, --thevinn'er wan 34 of the ang can not pass therebetweenw in Fig. 6, the siding 'orcclapboa rds willwlie insertedin-the channel 40 behind the rib:.52, and will prevent water from penetrating into the interior of the wall under the pan.

extends Slightly above the topface ofv the sill,- as illustrated; in Fig. 2, and is locateda groove 36a formedinthelower faceyofwtlie stool cap 36. 7 Thus any'water that might be driven inLbetWeen the sill andgstool cap is caught by theupstanding top :edge of the outer surface of the interior wall finish the bottom" wall 3010f the'pani having a de-' pending 'outerlip 70 which ;isiloca ted in a 20 and is caused to drain downinto the pan and to be conducted to'the outside of the] Wallllla,

The invention'ris equally applicable,"with slight modifications, .to a briclr or equivalent wall havinga stone window ledge'68.- In this construction the channelfO and-rib 552 of the pan are eliminated, the outer-ledge of groove 7 2 in the'ledge, the groove-being filled with cement or other sealing material; Thus thelip prevents Water from being driven under'thepanand any'water'that' may be, driven between the panandthe window sill 12 is merely pocketingtemporarily therein and subsequently runs out by gravity. 7"

Icclaim:

wall having spaced vertical studs having abott-olnwalliwhich is inclined downwardly'and outwardl-y'toward the outer surface' ofthe wall and alsohaving upstanding end-and innerwalls, andtawindOwframe having uprights and a window "sill therebetween which'iareseated in said pail upon said bottom 7 wall and between :Sald upstanding walls saiduprights being locatedi against'the ends of said'sill' and the joints between said opening than at the outsidethereof, said, bottom wall having a depending rib which overlies the outer surface of said wall, and a window frame includlng a Slll having uprights whiohoverlie the ends of said sill and have their ends located in said pan.

3. Abuilding wall having a window opening, a window frame having uprights and a sill located in'said opening,ja weather pan which contains said sill and the bottom portion ofsaid uprights, said weather pan having a bottom wall which is locatedbeneath said-sill and is higherfat-ithe inside of "said wall than at the "o'utsideathereof :and has an outer depending lip "that" overlies the outer face of said Wall, saidapan having "upstanding end Walls which are located outside of said uprights"andwhaving an upstanding I tpla ne rear wall which upstands beside and Tis :in substantially air gtight ioontactwith the inner edge of said sillso athatlair and'iwater 4. A building wall havingfa window-oped,

ing, a weather pan located in the, bottom-'portion. of saidopening having a bottom wall 'whichis higher at the inside thanatthe voutside, said bottomwall having aniupstanding} inverted channel at the outer portion thereof which isj coexte'nsive with said window'openling, said :pan having upstanding end walls" which are connected in awvatertight manner; withi said channel, and an upstanding inner Wall, and a window frame having uprights and a sill which are located in said panfabove said bottom wall and between :saidlupstan'd- "ing walls, said sill having a groove in the bottomfacethereof, which said channeliisl located;

5. Abuildingwalfhavinga window d e'ning, a weatherpan located in the bottompore tion of said ;opening having 'albottom wall which is higher' at the inside-than at theiout side, said bottom wall having an upstanding iinvertedj channel at the outer portion thereof" which is coextensive with =isaid window -opening,' and having upstandingend walls and an upstanding inner wall, and a indow V franiehaving.uprightsand asill which are located, in said pan above said" bottom lwall and between said upstanding walls said sill havinga groovejin the bottom facethereof in which said channel is located, a finishhiasaid-bottom wall having :a depending lip which is coextensive with-saidwindo'w' open- .ing', and having upstanding end. walls Fahd an upstanding innerXwalL-and a window frame having uprightsand a sill which are located? in said pan I'abovevsaid bottoinwall and between. said upstanding walls, said' sill having a groove in'the bottorn faceth'e'reof f in which said channel is located,;furring applied 'to the outer face of said :wall having a tongue which is located in said channel,

.. and a stucco coating applied to said furring, the bottom wall of -said weather pa-n being extended under the -sill voutwardly-'5beyond said channelfandover said furring andjstucco terial applied to the outer:face-ofasaid-wall 1 having apart-which enters said channe'hgand "and having a depending lip which is located over said'furring and behind said stucco.

7 A bui din wall havin f h .il g gapa1ro o11 zontally spaced vertical studs and an lnterposed horizontal stud that define a window opening, a weather pan located in the bot-, v.tom portion of said opening having a bottom wall which overlies said horizontal stud and is.v elevated thereabove atthe inner end of said wall. and is inclined downwardly and outwardly to the outer face of said wall, said pan having upstanding end walls which are secured to said vertlcal studs, a window frame havin u an hts and a sillwhich are located .jin'said pan over said bottom wall and be- V tween said end walls, means connecting the outer end of said pan and said sill to prevent ventrance of water between said pan and said sill and alsoxconnecting said outer end of :said pan and wall to preventientrance of water between said panand said wall, and a wedge member'supported on said horizontal stud and in supporting engagement with said --bo-ttom wall and which holds said pan throughout its length against said sill so that water can not pass therebetween.

8; A'building wall having a window opening,:a weather pan located in the bottom portion of 'said opening having bottom wall and an upstanding inner wall which has a telescoping connection with; the inner portion of sa1d;bottom.wall, said bottom wall being in clin ed downwardly toward the outer .face ofsaidbuilding wall so that said connection is above the outer edge of said bottom wall,'and a window framehavinguprights and a window silllocated in said pan between said bottom wall and upstanding inner wall and above said connection and said bottom wall. c v

9. A building wall having a'window opening therein,- a'weather pan located in the bottom portion of said opening having-a bottom =wa-ll which is inclined downwardly from the inner portion thereof toward the outside of said building wall and has at its outer end an upstanding ledge that is coextensive with the *length of said window opening, said pan also having an upstanding inner wall that has an-ad-iustable connection with said bottom: wall by which the'width ofsaid pan may be varied, and a window frame having upsaid bottom wall and in front of said upstanding inner wall andover said ledge, said adjustable connection being higher in' elevation than the top of saidledge.

10. A building wall having. awindow opening, vertical studs at the sides of said opening, a weather pan located in the bottom portion of said opening having a bottom wall which is inclined outwardly and down 'war'dly toward the outside of said building wall and has an upstanding inverted chan- V 'nel' at the outer portion therecf,'sa:id bottom wall also having upstanding end walls which are secured to-said studs and also having an upstanding inner wall which has a telescoping interlocking connection withthe inner portion of said bottom'wall and also has similar connection with said end walls,:and a window frame having uprights and a window sill which are located in said pan above said :bottom wall and betweensaidiupstanding walls, said window franie'having a groove in the lower face thereof in which said-phannel is located, the connection betweensaid havinga bottom wall, an' upstanding side wall, and upstanding end walls, said bottom wall having that portion thereof which is opposed to said upstanding side wall provided with an upstanding inverted channel portion, and a lip which extends below said channel and-bottom wall. y i

comprising a :bottom wall having upstand-- ing e'nd'walls and a lip atthe outer portions thereof which depends'below said bottom wall at one side thereof and has at itsi'op posite' side an upstanding inner wall whi'ch has telescoping interlocking adjustable connections withsaid-bottom 'wall and with said :end walls by which both'the width and the lengthjofthe pan canbe adjusted. L r V 13. A weather pan for window: frames including a bottom wall havingifupstanding end walls and ade-pending lip atone side of said bottom-wall,said panicomprising two sections each having a bottom wall. and a lip which areislidable over thebottoiii wall and lip'of the other; sections, said panalsoh-aving an. upstanding side wall; atthe: side opposite said lip, said side wall. having atelescopingadjustable connection withsaidbot '7 tom wall andcwithsaid end walls, and said side wall comprising two sections which have overlapping slidable connecting parts.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

' MICHAEL F. BURK.

rights and a sill'located in said pan above c 9O 12. A weather pan for window frames. 

